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geodesic
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The shortest line between two points on a surface, such that a geodesic dome is segmented into a series of straight elements
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glue
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An animal, mineral or vegetable adhesive.
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glue laminated timber
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Laminated timber where the laminations are joined with adhesive.
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grade
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The designation of the quality of a piece of timber or other manufactured wood products in accordance with standard rules.
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grain
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1. The general direction of the fibres or wood elements relative to the main axis of the piece.
2. The direction, size, arrangement, appearance, or quality of the fibres in wood or timber
Across the Grain - The direction parallel with the length of the fibres and other longitudinal elements of the wood.
Along the Grain - The direction at right angles to the length of the fibres and other longitudinal elements of the wood.
Coarse - Timber with wide conspicuous growth rings in which there is considerable difference between earlywood and latewood. The term is sometimes used to designate wood
with large vessels, but in this sense the term "coarse textured" is more often used
Closed - Timber with narrow, inconspicuous growth rings.
The term is sometimes used to designate wood having small and closely spaced vessels, but in this sense the term "fine
textured" is more often used.
Cross - Timber in which the fibres deviate from a line parallel to the sides of the piece. Cross grain may be either diagonal or spiral grain or a combination of the two.
Diagonal - Timber in which the annual rings are at an angle with the axis of a piece as a result of sawing at an angle with the bark of the log. A form of cross grain.
End - The grain of the ends of logs or timber on a cross cut surface.
Interlocked - Timber in which fibres are inclined in one direction in a number of rings of annual or seasonal growth, then reverse and are inclined in an opposite direction in succeeding growth rings.
Irregular - Grain where the fibres contort and twist around knots, butts, curls and so on. Also called wild grain.
Open - Common classification for woods with large vessels in the grain. Also known as coarse textured or coarse grained.
Raised - Roughened surface of timber and other wood products, particularly softwood, after planing, caused by the
projection of earlywood or latewood above the surface.
Slope of - In timber and other wood products, the ratio of deviation of the grain from the long axis of a piece to the
distance along the edge that this deviation occurs.
Spiral - A form of cross grain in timber in which the fibres take a spiral course about the trunk of a tree instead of the
normal vertical course. The spiral may extend in a right handed or left-handed direction around the tree trunk.
Straight - Timber in which the fibres and other longitudinal elements run parallel to the axis of a piece.
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green building
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This is a loosely defined collection of land-use, building design, and construction strategies that reduces undesirable environmental impacts. Benefits of building green include reduced energy consumption, protection of ecosystems, and occupant health.
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green timber
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Unseasoned timber, with free moisture present in the cell cavities.
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grillage
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A system of orthogonal elements, usually beams or trusses, acting together to resist a common load.
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growth rings
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Rings of earlywood and latewood on the transverse section of a trunk or branch marking cycles of growth.
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gum
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A natural exudation, also called kino, produced in trees as a result of fire or mechanical damage.
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gum vein
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A ribbon of gum between growth rings, which may be bridged radially by wood tissue at intervals. Also known as kino.
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gusset plate
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Plates, often steel or plywood, fixed by nails, bolts or other means to connect timber members in a truss or other frame structure. Gusset plates may be applied to one or both sides of a joint.
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